1.Coaching : Under this method, the supervisor imparts job knowledge and skills to his subordinate. The emphasis in coaching or instructing the subordinate is on learning by doing. This method is very effective if the superior has sufficient time to provide coaching to his subordinates.
2.Understudy : The superior gives training to a subordinate as his understudy or assistant. The subordinate learns through experience and observation. It prepares the subordinate to assume the responsibilities of the superior’s job in case the superior leaves the organisation. The purpose of under study is to prepare someone to fill the vacancy caused by death,retirement, promotion,or transfer of the superior.
3.Position Rotation : The purpose of position rotation is to broaden the background of the trainee in various positions. The trainee is periodically rotated from job instead of sticking to one job so that he acquires a general background of different jobs. Job rotation is used by many organizations to develop all-round – workers. The employees learn new skills and gain experience in handling different jobs.