The concept of industrial relations means the relationship between employees and management in the day-to-day working of industry. Industrial relations is a “set of functional interdependence involving historical, economic, social, psychological, demographic, technological, occupational, political and legal variables. “According to Dale Yoder, industrial relations is a “Whole field of relationship that exists because of the necessary collaboration of men and women in the employment process of an industry.”
-Industrial relations are the relations mainly between employees and employer.
-Industrial relations are governed by the system of rules and regulations concerning work, work place and working community.
-The main purpose is to maintain harmonious relations between employees and employer by solving their problems through grievance procedure and collective bargaining.
-The government influences and shapes industrial relations through industrial relations policies, rules,agreements, awards, act etc.
-Trade Unions is another important institution in the industrial relations. Trade unions influence and shape the industrial relations through collective bargaining.
Factors of Industrial Relations :
1) Institutional Factors : These factors include government policy, labour legislations, voluntary courts, collective agreement, employee courts, employers federations, social institutions like community, caste, joint family, attitudes of works, system of power status etc.
•2. Economics Factors: These factors include economic organisation, like capitalist, communist mixed etc. the structure of labour force, demand for and supply of labour force etc.
•3. Technological Factors: These factors include mechanization, automation, rationalization, computerization etc.
•4.Social and Cultural Factors : These factors include population, religion, customs and traditions of people, cultures of various groups of people etc.
•5. Political Factors: These factors include political system in the country, political parties and their ideologies, their growth, mode of achievement of their policies, involvement in trade unions etc.
•6. Government Factors: These factors include Governmental policies like industrial policy, economic policy, labour policy, export policy etc